Decolourization of direct red dye using isolates of Bacillus species
Keywords:
Direct Red dye, Bacillus species, DecolourizationAbstract
Biodegradation offers an effective method in order to eliminate textile dyes from the environment. Direct Red, a widely used textile dye, poses significant environmental risks due to its complex structure and resistance to conventional remediation methods. Synthetic dyes, in particular, are more difficult to decolorize than natural dyes, making their treatment in industrial wastewater a global concern. Traditional physical and chemical approaches are often inefficient, but certain microorganisms can utilize dyes as a carbon or nitrogen source, providing a cost-effective bioremediation alternative. This study focused on isolating direct red dye-decolorizing bacteria, optimizing decolourization conditions, and analysing the outcomes. Bacillus species demonstrated significant potential, achieving up to 80% degradation of Direct Red dye within 24-48 hours at neutral pH and 28°C temperature. Factors such as temperature, pH, static and shaking conditions and media composition were examined to determine how they affected decolourization. UV spectrophotometric analysis revealed that the dye was decolourized, highlighting the potential of Bacillus species for bioremediation of textile dye pollution. Ultimately, this strategy has a lot of potential for advancing sustainable wastewater treatment technologies in future.
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