Development and Characterization of Naringenin loaded Transethsomoal gel for Anti-inflammatory activity
Keywords:
Naringenin, Transethsomoal, Gel, Anti-inflammatoryAbstract
The present study focuses on the development and evaluation of a naringenin-loaded transethosomal gel for enhanced topical delivery. Naringenin, a flavonoid with notable therapeutic properties, suffers from limited solubility and bioavailability, which restricts its clinical applications. To overcome these limitations, transethosomal vesicles were prepared using phospholipid, ethanol, cholesterol, and surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 60) via a thin-film hydration method. Among the ten formulations, the T6 batch demonstrated optimal entrapment efficiency (88.65%), minimal particle size (89.71 nm), and a desirable zeta potential (-10.5 mV). The optimized formulation was incorporated into a Carbopol 934-based gel and characterized for pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, and drug content. In-vitro drug release studies of TEG6 high drug release profile, with 91.30% of naringenin released over 12 hours, following first-order kinetics. The gel also exhibited excellent physical stability under accelerated conditions over two months. These findings indicate that the transethosomal gel system significantly improves the solubility, stability, and sustained release of naringenin, suggesting its potential for effective topical therapy.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Ujiie H, Rosmarin D, Schön MP, Ständer S, Boch K, Metz M, Maurer M, Thaci D, Schmidt E, Cole C. Unmet medical needs in chronic, non-communicable inflammatory skin diseases. Frontiers in medicine. 2022;9:875492.
Placha D, Jampilek J. Chronic inflammatory diseases, anti-inflammatory agents and their delivery nanosystems. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(1):64.
Ali KA, Maity A, Roy SD, Pramanik S Das, Das PP, Shaharyar MA. Insight into the mechanism of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In: How Synthetic Drugs Work. Elsevier; 2023. p. 61–94.
Appoo A, Christensen BL, Somayaji R. Examining the association of immunosuppressants and wound healing: A narrative review. World Council of Enterostomal Therapists Journal. 2024;44(3):12–9.
Alam F, Mohammadin K, Shafique Z, Amjad ST, Asad MHH bin. Citrus flavonoids as potential therapeutic agents: A review. Phytotherapy Research. 2022;36(4):1417–41.
Karak P. Biological activities of flavonoids: An overview. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2019;10(4):1567–74.
Arafah A, Rehman MU, Mir TM, Wali AF, Ali R, Qamar W, Khan R, Ahmad A, Aga SS, Alqahtani S. Multi-therapeutic potential of naringenin (4′, 5, 7-trihydroxyflavonone): experimental evidence and mechanisms. Plants. 2020;9(12):1784.
Singh S, Sharma A, Monga V, Bhatia R. Compendium of naringenin: Potential sources, analytical aspects, chemistry, nutraceutical potentials and pharmacological profile. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2023;63(27):8868–99.
Wani TU, Mohi-ud-Din R, Majeed A, Kawoosa S, Pottoo FH. Skin permeation of nanoparticles: mechanisms involved and critical factors governing topical drug delivery. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2020;26(36):4601–14.
Pawar AY, Jadhav KR, Naikwade K, Mahajan TP. Formulation & Evaluation of Naringin Nanoethosome by Cold Method. J Pharm Res Int. 2021;33:139–52.
Majumdar S, Dave R. Formulation study of gel containing pterocarpus santalinus extract for its antiinflammatory activity. World J of Phar and Pharmaceu Sci. 2013;2(6):4951–64.
Shrikhande BK, Goupale DC. Development and evaluation of anti-inflammatory oleogels of Bosewellia serrata (gugul) and Curcuma longa (turmeric). Indian Drugs. 2001;38(12):613–6.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
