Innovative Approaches to Vector Control and Disease Prevention in Gariyaband District, Chhattisgarh

Abstract

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) pose a significant public health challenge in Gariyaband district, Chhattisgarh, due to its diverse ecological landscape and socio-economic conditions. This study investigates innovative approaches to vector control and disease prevention, integrating traditional methods with modern technologies tailored to the district's unique environment. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research analyzes epidemiological data, vector ecology, environmental influences, and community practices from 2020 to 2024. The study reveals a high prevalence of malaria with an Annual Parasite Incidence (API) peaking at 36.3 per 1000 in 2022 and a rising trend in dengue cases, reaching 512 cases the same year. Key vectors identified include Anopheles culicifacies (38.2% of captures) and Aedes aegypti (18.5% of captures). Environmental factors such as a 1.7°C temperature rise and 5.8% deforestation significantly influenced vector habitats. Community knowledge was high for malaria (72.5%) but lower for other VBDs, with gaps in preventive practices. Innovative strategies like biological control with larvivorous fish (78% effectiveness), ATSB (72%), GIS-based surveillance (85%), and mobile health applications (80%) showed promising results in enhancing vec tor management. The study emphasizes the importance of community participation, policy support, and technology-driven solutions for sustainable disease control. Ultimately, a holistic, integrated vector management framework is recommended to mitigate the impact of VBDs and improve public health outcomes in Gariyaband district.