Formulation and Evaluation of Microsphere of Oxalis Stricta Extracts and Its Anti-Microbial Activity
Keywords:
Microspheres, Ethyl cellulose, Oxalis stricta, Solvent evaporation, Novel drug delivery systemAbstract
Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to Formulate and evaluate microsphere of Oxalis stricta extract and its anti-microbial activity
Methods: The extract-loaded microspheres using biological macromolecule ethyl cellulose (EC) was prepared by solvent evaporation method using HPMC polymer. The effects of different process and formulation variables (stirring speed, evaporation time, and drug/polymer ratio) on microsphere properties were investigated.
Results: SEM revealed the spherical nature of the produced microspheres. Particle size study revealed that the average particle size of microspheres ranges from 798.9 to 959.3 nm. These particle size values indicate that the all formulated microsphere is under the range of microsphere and F2 is the lowest particle size of all formulation and Zeta potential was found to be all formulation range -1.7 to -4.1 mV with peak area of100% intensity. The formulation remained physically and chemically stable for three months under accelerated stability conditions (250C±2 0C and 60 ± 5% RH) and (400C±2 0C and 70 ± 5% RH).
Conclusion: The current study's findings indicate that microsphere formulations are a promising carrier for new herbal medication delivery.
Downloads
References
Ahmad, I., & Beg, A. Z. (2001). Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 74(2), 113-123.
Nadkarni, K., & Nadkarni, A. K. (1976). Indian Materia Medica, Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay, 1, 799.
Kirtikar, K. R., & Basu, B. D. (1918). Indian medicinal plants (Vol. 2). publisher not identified Basu, Bhuwaneśwari Âśrama.
Cowan, M. M. (1999). Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical microbiology reviews, 12(4), 564-582.
Parekh, J., & Chanda, S. (2007). In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of some Indian medicinal plants. Turkish journal of biology, 31(1), 53-58.
Doughari, J. H. (2012). Phytochemicals: extraction methods, basic structures and mode of action as potential chemotherapeutic agents (pp. 1-33). Rijeka, Croatia: INTECH Open Access Publisher.
Meihua, J. T. (2015). Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity evaluation of carboxylated carbon nanotubes functionalized with silibinin, betulinic acid and levodopa for drug delivery.
Jain, N. K. (Ed.). (1997). Controlled and novel drug delivery. CBS publishers & distributors.
Barbosa, A. I., Coutinho, A. J., Costa Lima, S. A., & Reis, S. (2019). Marine polysaccharides in pharmaceutical applications: Fucoidan and chitosan as key players in the drug delivery match field. Marine Drugs, 17(12), 654.
Mundargi, R. C., Babu, V. R., Rangaswamy, V., Patel, P., & Aminabhavi, T. M. (2008). Nano/micro technologies for delivering macromolecular therapeutics using poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) and its derivatives. Journal of Controlled Release, 125(3), 193-209.
Patil, S.B., &Sawant, K.K. (2011). Chitosan microspheres loaded with rifampicin for pulmonary delivery: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro/in vivo studies. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 37(12), 1441–1448.
Soppimath, K. S., Aminabhavi, T. M., Kulkarni, A. R., & Rudzinski, W. E. (2001). Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery devices. Journal of controlled release, 70(1-2), 1-20.
Das, M. K., & Senapati, P. C. (2008). Furosemide-loaded alginate microspheres prepared by ionic cross-linking technique: morphology and release characteristics. Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 70(1), 77.
Dhanaraj, S. A., Muralidharan, S., Kanniappan, P., Hui, W. T. S., & Qi, L. L. (2016). Formulation and evaluation of chitosan nanospheres containing methotrexate targeted drug delivery system. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 8(4), 330.
Patel, M. M., & Amin, A. (2011). Recent trends in microbially and/or enzymatically driven colon-specific drug delivery systems. Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems, 28(6).
Agnihotri, S. A., Mallikarjuna, N. N., & Aminabhavi, T. M. (2004). Recent advances on chitosan-based micro-and nanoparticles in drug delivery. Journal of controlled release, 100(1), 5-28.
Pandey, R., & Khuller, G. K. (2005). Antitubercular inhaled therapy: opportunities, progress and challenges. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 55(4), 430-435.
Saadh, M. J., Mustafa, M. A., Kumar, S., Gupta, P., Pramanik, A., Rizaev, J. A., ... & Alzubaidi, L. H. (2024). Advancing therapeutic efficacy: nanovesicular delivery systems for medicinal plant-based therapeutics. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 397(10), 7229-7254.
Salim, M. (2020). Role of herbal bioactives in drug delivery systems. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(6), 2260–2269.
Oyenihi, O. R., Oyenihi, A. B., Erhabor, J. O., Matsabisa, M. G., & Oguntibeju, O. O. (2021). Unravelling the anticancer mechanisms of traditional herbal medicines with metabolomics. Molecules, 26(21), 6541.
Baidya, B., Gupta, S. K., & Mukherjee, T. (2002). An extraction-based verification methodology for MEMS. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 11(1), 2-11.
Priyank, I., Shonu, J., Gaurav, J., & Dubey, B. K. (2011). Pharmacognostic evaluation and phytochemical screening of Leucas cephalotes. International Journal of Phytopharmacy, 1, 15-26.
Jain, N. E. E. L. A. M., & Verma, A. N. U. R. A. G. (2020). Preformulation studies of pilocarpine hydrochloride as niosomal gels for ocular drug delivery. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res, 13, 149-155.
Fartyal, S., Jha, S. K., Karchuli, M. S., Gupta, R., & Vajpayee, A. (2011). Formulation and evaluation of floating microspheres of boswellic acid. Int J Pharm Tech Res, 3, 76-81.
Singh, K. K., & Vingkar, S. K. (2008). Formulation, antimalarial activity and biodistribution of oral lipid nanoemulsion of primaquine. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 347(1-2), 136-143.
Volić, M., Pećinar, I., Micić, D., Đorđević, V., Pešić, R., Nedović, V., & Obradović, N. (2022). Design and characterization of whey protein nanocarriers for thyme essential oil encapsulation obtained by freeze-drying. Food Chemistry, 386, 132749.
Ahmed, M. M., Fatima, F., Kalam, M. A., Alshamsan, A., Soliman, G. A., Shaikh, A. A., ... & Anwer, M. K. (2020). Development of spray-dried amorphous solid dispersions of tadalafil using glycyrrhizin for enhanced dissolution and aphrodisiac activity in male rats. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 28(12), 1817-1826.
Mohammadi-Sichani, M., Karbasizadeh, V., Aghai, F., & Mofid, M. R. (2012). Effect of different extracts of Stevia rebaudiana leaves on Streptococcus mutans growth. J Med Plants Res, 6(32), 4731-4734.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
