Integrating Ardhanarishwar Symbolism and Bisexuality: A Neurotherapy Based Approach to Alleviating Back Pain through Alternative Healing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.3871Keywords:
Ardhanarishwara, Bisexuality, Lower back pain, Nabhi, Wellness NeurotherapyAbstract
The deity Ardhanarisvara is a representation of Shiva as both male and female, where "Ardha" signifies "half" and "Nari" means "woman." This iconic form underscores the inherent unity of Shiva and his Shakti, Parvati, emphasizing that Shiva is incomplete without his feminine counterpart. Ardhanarisvara embodies the philosophical concept of the interconnectedness and equal importance of Purusha (masculine principle, consciousness) and Prakriti (feminine principle, nature/matter/energy).
This symbolic duality is mirrored in human biology. Human development is not strictly unisexual; rather, each individual possesses the inherent capacity for both male and female characteristics. In fetal development, both Mullerian and Wolffian ducts are present. The Mullerian duct differentiates into female internal reproductive organs (fallopian tubes and uterus), while the Wolffian duct develops into male internal reproductive organs (epididymis, vas deferens, and male external genitalia). The hormonal balance of testosterone and estrogen, both present in the fetus, plays a crucial role in determining sexual differentiation.
Anatomically, the human spine is segmented into five distinct regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Certain holistic health perspectives propose a link between energy centers, such as the "Nabhi" and chakras, with organ function and potentially musculoskeletal issues like back pain. Back pain encompasses various classifications including lumbosacral, radicular, and referred pain, often attributed to pathologies like disc bulge, herniation, or degeneration. These conditions are broadly categorized as Non-Specific Low Back Pain or Specific Low Back Pain. Wellness Neurotherapy aims to address these conditions through treatment protocols tailored to individual patient history, present clinical presentation, and diagnostic assessments.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Yadav, N. (2002) “The Ardhanarisvara aspect of Siva,” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 63, pp. 115–120.
Nisha, & Anand, K. G. (2020). Study of Ardhanarishwara as a symbol of gender equality in the contemporary world. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(7), 11931–11942.
Bhartiya, N., & Bhatnagar, N. (2024). Ardhanarishvara as a Humanistic Construct of Hindu Philosophy: A Paradigm Shift beyond Spirituality. Library Progress (International), 44(3), 14400–14406.
Das, K., & Rao, T. S. S. (2019). A chronicle of sexuality in the Indian subcontinent. Journal of Psychosexual Health, 1(1), 20–25.
Jyoti, S., Parihar, R. G., & Gandhi, A. (2021). Neurotherapy Intervention: A novel approach of healing. Integrative Medicine Case Reports, 2(1), 28.
Nisha, & Anand, K.G. (2020). Study of Ardhanarishwara as a symbol of gender equality in the contemporary world. PalArch’s Journals of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(7), 11931-11942
Nandi, D. N. (1980). The concept of bisexuality and psychiatry. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 22(1), 3–18.
Raveesh, B. N. (2013). Ardhanareeshwara concept: Brain and psychiatry. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 55(Suppl 2), S263-7.
Barrett, K. E., Barman, S. M., Boitano, S., & Brooks, H. L. (2012). Ganong’s review of medical physiology (24th ed.). McGraw-Hill Medical.
Suhail, A., Slathia, S., Quais, S., & Poulter, D. C. (2021). Do “Myths” of low back pain exist among young Indian college-going adults with a history of low back pain? A cross-sectional study. Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy, 26(1).
Ferdinandov, D., Yankov, D., & Trandzhiev, M. (2024). Common differential diagnosis of low back pain in contemporary medical practice: a narrative review. Frontiers in Medicine, 11.
Koes, B. W., van Tulder, M. W., & Thomas, S. (2006). Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 332(7555), 1430–1434.
Deyo, R. A., Von Korff, M., & Duhrkoop, D. (2015). Opioids for low back pain. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 350, g6380.
Bhattacharjee, P. K. (2014). Working philosophy of all medicines. International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Global Technology, 2(7), 823-827.
DePalma, M. J., Ketchum, J. M., & Saullo, T. (2011). What is the source of chronic low back pain and does age play a role? Pain Medicine (Malden, Mass.), 12(2), 224–233.
Tozzi, P., Bongiorno, D., & Vitturini, C. (2012). Low back pain and kidney mobility: local osteopathic fascial manipulation decreases pain perception and improves renal mobility. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 16(3), 381–391.
vanderVaart, S., Gijsen, V. M. G. J., de Wildt, S. N., & Koren, G. (2009). A systematic review of the therapeutic effects of reiki. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 15(11), 1157–1169.
Barooah, R. (2023). Role of applied physiology in management of muscular dystrophy by yoga and meditation. In Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Muscular Dystrophy. Intech Open.
Haussler, K. K. (1999). Back problems. Chiropractic evaluation and management. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice, 15(1), 195–209.
Jagtap, Megha R. Application of Panchamahabhuta Principle in Panchakarma therapy. Journal of Indian System of Medicine 5(3): p 215-220, Jul–Sep 2017.
Kang, Y.-H. (2001). Anatomy and physiology of lumbar spine. Journal of Korean society of spine surgery, 8(3), 264.
Urits, I., Burshtein, A., Sharma, M., Testa, L., Gold, P. A., Orhurhu, V., Viswanath, O., Jones, M. R., Sidransky, M. A., Spektor, B., & Kaye, A. D. (2019). Low back pain, a comprehensive review: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 23(3), 23.
Cahya S, A., Mardi Santoso, W., Husna, M., Munir, B., & Nandar Kurniawan, S. (2021). LOW BACK PAIN. JPHV (Journal of Pain, Vertigo and Headache), 2(1), 13–17.
Cahya S, A., Mardi Santoso, W., Husna, M., Munir, B., & Nandar Kurniawan, S. (2021). LOW BACK PAIN. JPHV (Journal of Pain, Vertigo and Headache), 2(1), 13–17.
Trager, R. J. (2019). Sciatica: Foundations of diagnosis and conservative treatment. Integrated Clinics (Trager, 2019)
Mathews, A., & Usha Latha, B. (2024). A case report on proximal renal tubular acidosis with ocular findings. International Journal of Science and Research (Raipur, India), 13(9), 719–721. https://doi.org/10.21275/sr24911204406(Mathews & Usha Latha, 2024)
Kemp, J. L., Mosler, A. B., Hart, H., Bizzini, M., Chang, S., Scholes, M. J., Semciw, A. I., & Crossley, K. M. (2020). Improving function in people with hip-related pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of physiotherapist-led interventions for hip-related pain. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(23), 1382–1394.
Pinto, P. C., & Rodrigues, L. M. (2009). An experimental in vivo model to characterize “heavy legs” symptom in topical formulations. Dermatology Research and Practice, 2009, 547039.
Satani, K. G., Raghavani, H. U., & Bhatt, K. H. (2017). Concept of Nabhi – A review study. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS), 2(4).
Sayyed, A. G., & Dhawale, S. M. (2023). Recent research advances in Rachana Sharir on the concept of Nabhi and its relation with modern anatomy. Journal of Ayurvedic Herbal and Integrative Medicine, 3(2).
Kumar, N., Manohar, J., & Nath, P. (2022). Anatomical entity of Nabhi Marma: An observational study. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy, 13(01), 13–16.
Katiyar, S. (2021). Comprehensive study of Nabhi in bruhatrayi and its correlation with modern science. International Ayurvedic Medical Journal, p5(03), 2837–2842.
Seyed, M. A., & Mohamed, S. H. P. (2021). Low back pain: A comprehensive review on the diagnosis, treatment options, and the role of other contributing factors. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(F), 347–359.
Holmes, G. M., & Blanke, E. N. (2019). Gastrointestinal dysfunction after spinal cord injury. Experimental Neurology, 320(113009), 113009.
Lee, J. S., Kim, S. H., Lee, J. Y., Ye, J. B., Sul, Y. H., Seok, J., Yoon, S. Y., Kim, H. R., Choi, J. H., & Kim, Y. (2022). Intestinal obstruction caused by small bowel entrapment within a lumbar fracture: A case report. Medicine, 101(42), e31273.
Zhang, Y.-G., Guo, T.-M., Guo, X., & Wu, S.-X. (2009). Clinical diagnosis for discogenic low back pain. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 5(7), 647–658.
Valat, J.-P., Genevay, S., Marty, M., Rozenberg, S., & Koes, B. (2010). Sciatica. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology, 24(2), 241–252.
Willburger, R. E., Ehiosun, U. K., Kuhnen, C., Krämer, J., & Schmid, G. (2004). Clinical symptoms in lumbar disc herniations and their correlation to the histological composition of the extruded disc material. Spine, 29(15), 1655–1661.
Batool, F., Muaaz, F., Tariq, K., & Sarfraz, N. (2019). Relationship of Chronic LBP (Low Back Pain) with Hamstring Tightness in Professionals. J Liaquat Uni Med Health Sci, 18(03), 236–240.
Mir, M. M., John, A., Naeem, M. A., Rashid Butt, H., & Ali, A. (2021). Prevalence and radiological evaluation of lumbar spondylosis on magnetic resonance imaging. EAS Journal of Radiology and Imaging Technology, 3(2), 57–65.
Bednár, R., Líška, D., Gurín, D., Vnenčaková, J., Melichová, A., Koller, T., & Skladaný, Ľ. (2023). Low back pain in patients hospitalised with liver cirrhosis- a retrospective study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 24(1), 310.
Vora, Z., Goyal, A., & Sharma, R. (2021). Radiological anatomy of stomach and duodenum with clinical significance. Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology, 04(02), 085–093.
Jyoti, S., Parihar, R. G., & Gandhi, A. (2021). Neurotherapy Intervention: A novel approach of healing. Integrative Medicine Case Reports, 2(1), 28.
Bell, D. and D’Souza, D. (2008) “Superior mesenteric artery,” Radiopaedia.org. Radiopaedia.org.
Satani, K. G., Raghavani, H. U., & Bhatt, K. H. (2017). Concept of Nabhi – A review study. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS), 2(4). https://doi.org/10.21760/jaims.v2i4.9350
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.