Legal Boundaries of Cosmetic and Elective Surgeries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.1660Keywords:
Cosmetic Surgery, Elective Surgery, Medical Malpractice, Informed Consent, Patient Rights, Healthcare RegulationsAbstract
The law is paying more and more attention to cosmetic and optional treatments even although they are often viewed as personal choices because of the complex concerns regarding patient authorisation, medical standards, and complications that might arise after surgery. People desire to appear better, hence these procedures have grown really popular. This affects legislators, consumers, and medical professionals greatly. The legal bounds of cosmetic and choice therapies are discussed in this article. It also addresses what medical professionals should do to ensure patients provide their consent, that medical standards are observed, and that abuse never occurs. It also addresses how these operations' guiding rules are evolving with time. New guidelines covering advertising, medical safety, and moral factors influencing choices, for instance, abound. Patients who have issues after treatments or are dissatisfied usually run legal issues. This could result in litigation for negligence or failure to satisfy professional standards. The report also addresses the increase of medical tourism, the role insurance plays in financing private treatments, and the variations in laws among nations. This study aims to provide a whole picture of how the law influences choice operations by means of case law, ethical concerns, and fresh developments in the plastic surgery industry. These findings highlight the need of clearly defining laws to safeguard patient rights and maintain ethical standards in the sector by means of which care standards remain high.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Wu, Y.; Mulkens, S.; Alleva, J.M. Body image and acceptance of cosmetic surgery in China and the Netherlands: A qualitative study on cultural differences and similarities. Body Image 2022, 40, 30–49.
Mavropoulos, A. Cosmetic Surgery and the Christian Body: Comparative Ethical Reflections from Orthodox and Catholic Traditions. Religions 2025, 16, 8.
Wu, Y.; Alleva, J.M.; Broers, N.J.; Mulkens, S. Attitudes towards cosmetic surgery among women in China and the Netherlands. PLoS ONE 2022, 17, e0267451.
Li, B.; Xiao, L. Influence of objectification belief and consumerism culture on Chinese women’s views of cosmetic surgery. Curr. Psychol. 2021, 1–12.
Thompson, J.K.; Coovert, M.D.; Stormer, S.M. Body image, social comparison, and eating disturbance: A covariance structure modeling investigation. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 1999, 26, 43–51.
Walker, C.E.; Krumhuber, E.G.; Dayan, S.; Furnham, A. Effects of social media use on desire for cosmetic surgery among young women. Curr. Psychol. 2021, 40, 3355–3364. [Green Version]
Wang, Y.; Chu, X.; Nie, J.; Gu, X.; Lei, L. Selfie-editing, facial dissatisfaction, and cosmetic surgery consideration among Chinese adolescents: A longitudinal study. Curr. Psychol. 2021, 1–11.
Lyons, J.S.F.; Begen, M.A.; Bell, P.C. Surgery Scheduling and Perioperative Care: Smoothing and Visualizing Elective Surgery and Recovery Patient Flow. Analytics 2023, 2, 656-675.
Gür, Ş.; Pinarbaşi, M.; Alakaş, H.M.; Eren, T. Operating room scheduling with surgical team: A new approach with constraint programming and goal programming. Cent. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 2022, 1–25.
Zacharias, C.; Liu, N.; Begen, M.A. Dynamic interday and intraday scheduling. Oper. Res. 2022.
Caglar Gencosman, B.; Begen, M.A.; Ozmutlu, H.C.; Ozturk Yilmaz, I. Scheduling methods for efficient stamping operations at an automotive company. Prod. Oper. Manag. 2016, 25, 1902–1918.
Caglar Gencosman, B.; Begen, M.A. Exact optimization and decomposition approaches for shelf space allocation. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 2022, 299, 432–447.
Naderi, B.; Roshanaei, V.; Begen, M.A.; Aleman, D.M.; Urbach, D.R. Increased surgical capacity without additional resources: Generalized operating room planning and scheduling. Prod. Oper. Manag. 2021, 30, 2608–2635.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.