Artificial Intelligence-Driven Innovations in Surgery: Literature Overview

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is improving the field of surgery by boosting precision, better decision-making, and leading to better patient results. This analysis studies the different roles of AI in every part of surgery, such as before, during, and after an operation, including changes, medical benefits, and ethical points.

At the onset, AI collects data from scans, records, and analyzes genomics to plan which treatment will work best for each patient. With machine learning, doctors can decide which approach is best and expect possible issues, and computer vision helps them correctly map the person’s anatomy. Deep neural networks are as effective as specialist radiologists and dermatologists, creating a model for support in surgical decisions.

While a surgical procedure is underway, features of AI are brought together with robotics, such as da Vinci’s system, to make surgery more precise, stable, and clear. With live computer vision and sensor readings, specialists are able to locate main structures and control surgical tools with close accuracy. AI technology making it possible to stitch with aids and to respond to a surgeon’s gestures highlights the capabilities of semi-autonomous surgical methods. Using NLP (Natural Language Processing) patients can access patient information simply by speaking, which makes things more convenient and stress-free.

Patients’ recovery is supported by devices and sensors that screen for early signs of issues such as infection or bleeding. These models make it possible to treat patients earlier, guide them on how to recover, and cut down on readmission cases.

But, using AI in healthcare can cause many difficulties. Because many models are not explainable, this raises questions about how informed patients are and how liable the people involved are in the clinical setting. If the training data contains bias, it often leads to unfair results, mostly for underserved groups. High prices for installing and using these technologies may make it difficult to use them in areas with few resources.

AI-based technology should be thoroughly tested and tested by doctors to guarantee a safe and equal adoption. Having set ethical standards and clear rules is important for responsible development. AI should rather strengthen than take away from what surgeons already contribute with their experience, understanding, and wise decisions.

All in all, AI looks likely to make surgery more accurate, safer, and tailored to each patient. It is necessary to strike a good balance between technological growth and the values important in surgical care to make use of this potential.