Evaluation Levels of Interleukins in Rheumatoid Arthritis and treatment with Senegalia senegal (gum Arabic) and Boswellia
Keywords:
Arthritis, Boswellia, Gum Arabic, Interleukins, TNF-αAbstract
This study aimed to explain the effect of Senegalia Senegal (Gum Arabic) and Boswellia on some Interleukin. Thirty adult male rats were used after induction of arthritis. They were divided into six groups, with five rats for each group. The first group was the negative control group (rats without arthritis induction and treatment), the second group was the positive control group (rats with arthritis induction), the third group was (the group arthritis induction and intubated orally with 250 mg kg B.W Boswellia), the fourth group was (the group arthritis induction and intubated orally 400 mg/kg B.W. gum arabic), and the fifth group was (the group arthritis induction and intubated orally with Boswellia and gum arabic). The sixth group was arthritis induction and intubated 0.75 mg/kg of methotrexate. Blood samples were obtained after two and six weeks. to tests were Interleukins IL-6, IL-1,IL-10, IL-2 and TNF-α in comparison to two weeks and six weeks for one group. The study indicated a significant increase in IL-6, IL-1, and TNF-α after two weeks and after six weeks, while IL-10 showed a significant decrease after two weeks and an increase after six weeks in as comparing with group G0.
Downloads
Metrics
References
- Mohammed F., Moosavi S A (2022). The Role of DNA Methylation in Development and Progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Personalized Medicine Journal, Winter 7, 24 (1-7). DOI: 10.22034/pmj.252438.
- Liu C; Chu D; Kalantar-Zadeh K; George J; Young H A.; and Liu Guozhen (2021). Cytokines: From Clinical Significance to Quantification. Adv. Sci. ,8, 2004433. doi: 10.1002/advs.202004433.
- Delft Myrth A.M. V and Huizinga T. W.J. (2020). An overview of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis . Autoimmunity J., Volume 110, 102392. doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102392.
- Beduleva L; Sidorov A; Semenova K ; Menshikov I ; Fomina K; Shklyaeva N; Gilmanova L(2020). Comparison of the specificity of rheumatoid factor detected by latex fixation with that of regulatory rheumatoid factor. J Clin Lab Anal. 34:e23533. doi: 10.1002/jcla.23533.
- Newkirk M. M. (2002). Rheumatoid factors: what do they tell us? Rheumatol J.;29(10):2034-40.
- Dayer JM, Oliviero F, Punzi L.( 2017).A brief history of IL-1 and IL-1 Ra in rheumatology. Front Pharmacol.;8:1–8.
- Olejniczak K; Kasprzak A.(2008). Biological properties of interleukin 2 and its role in pathogenesis of selected diseases--a review. Med Sci Monit, Oct;14(10):RA179-89.
- Mielle J; Audo R; Hahne M; Macia L; Combe B; Morel J; et al.( 2018). IL10 producing B cells ability to induce regulatory T cells is maintained in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol.;9:1–11.
- Brennan FM; McInnes IB.( 2008).Evidence that cytokines play a role in rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Invest. 118(11):3537–45.
- Al-Yahya A; Asad M; Sadaby A; Alhussaini M . (2020).Repeat oral dose safety study of standardized methanolic extract of Boswellia sacra oleo gum resin in rats. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences: Jan ; 27(1): 117–123. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.05.010.
- Nwachukwu, E CH.( 2020).Frankincense : Biological Activities and Therapeutic Properties. Near East University.
- Maksimović Z. (2021).On Frankincense. Archives of Pharmacy.. 71. Notebook 1: 1-21.
- Sharma S, Thawani V, Hingorani L. (2004).Pharmacokinetic study of 11-keto-beta-boswellic acid. Phytomedicine. 11: 255–60. doi: 10.1078/0944-7113-00290.
- Ammon H P. (2002).Boswellic acids (components of frankincense) as the active principle in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Wien Med Wochenschr; 152(15-16): 373-378.
- Jaafar N. S.,( 2019)"Clinical effects of Arabic gum (Acacia): A mini review," Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (P-ISSN 1683-3597 E-ISSN 2521-3512), vol. 28, pp. 9-16,. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31351/vol28iss2pp9-16.
- Lopez-Torrez L, Nigen M, Williams P, Doco T, , Sanchez Ch. (2015).Acacia senegalvs. Acacia seyalgums: Composition and structure of hyper branched plant exudates. Food Hydrocoll.; 51: 41-53.
- Yasseen GAM, Salih AA, Ahmed MED. (2014).Competitiveness and profitability of gum Arabic n north Kordofan state, Sudan. Procedia Soc Behav Sci.; 120: 704-710.
- BeMiller, James N. (2018).Carbohydrate chemistry for food scientists. Third edition . Elsevier,
- Kamal, E., Kaddam, L. A., Dahawi, M., Osman, M., Salih, M. A., Alagib, A., & Saeed, A. (2018). Gum arabic fibers decreased inflammatory markers and disease severity score among rheumatoid arthritis patients, phase II trial. International journal of rheumatology, 2018(1), 4197537..
- Ali B.H, Ziada A, Blunden G. (2009).Biological effects of gum Arabic: A review of some recent research. Food Chem. Toxicol.; 47: 1–8.
- Kong H, Yang J, Zhang Y, Fang Y, Nishinari K, Phillips G.O. (2014).Synthesis and antioxidant properties of gum Arabic-stabilized selenium nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol.; 65: 155–162
- AL-Chalabi N S and AL-Juboory R H. (2014).Effect of Some Herbs on the Level of Some Biochemical Parameters in Blood of Diabetic Patients Type II. Baghdad Sci J, Mar; 11.2: 317-330. https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2014.11.2.317-330
- Wang Ge and Peng X . (2020).A review of clinical applications and side effects of methotrexate in ophthalmology. J. Ophthalmol., (1), Aug; (3): 1-11. doi.org/10.1155/2020/1537689.
- Cronstein B.N. (2005).Low-dose methotrexate: a mainstay in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Rev. Jun; 57(2): 163-72. doi: 10.1124/pr.57.2.3.
- Ali N E , Kaddam L A, Alkarib S Y , Kaballo B G, Khalid S, Abdalazim Higawee, et al. (2020).Gum arabic (Acacia Senegal) augmented total antioxidant capacity and reduced C-reactive protein among haemodialysis patients in phase II trial. Int J Nephrol. Apr 9: 2020: 7214673. doi: 10.1155/2020/7214673.
- El-Tanbouly, G. S., and Abdelrahman, R. S. (2022).Novel anti-arthritic mechanisms of trans-cinnamaldehyde against complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice: involvement of NF-кB/TNF-α and IL-6/IL-23/IL-17 pathways in the immuno-inflammatory responses. Inflammopharmacology, 30(5), 1769-1780. https://doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-01005-y.
- Tian H,Cronstein BN. (2007).Understanding the mechanisms of action of methotrexate. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis, , 65(3), 168-173.
- Alwachi, S. N., and Alsaadi, Y. L. (2013).Effect of methotrexate on the liver enzymes and lipid profile in adult female albino mice. Baghdad Sci. J., 10(1), 176-181. https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2013.10.1.176-181
- Yin Y. L., Tang Z. R., Sun Z. H. (2008). Effect of Galacto mannanoligosaccharides Or Chitosan Supplementation On Cytoimmunity And Humoral Immunity Response In Early-Weaned Piglets AsianAust J Anim Sci, 21:723–731.
- Zhang Y., Zhao M., Jin M., Xu C. (2010) "Immunotoxicity of Pyrethroid Metabolites in an In Vitro Model", Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 29, No. 11, pp. 2505–2510.
- OS,S.(2023). Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and their Activity against Aspergillus chitin Deacetylase Gene and Cellulose Dehydrogenase Protein Expression. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 17(1):258-265. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.17.1.15
- Chevrier M R , Ryan A E , Lee DY-W , Zhongze Ma , Yan Z W-, Via C S.(2005). Boswellia carterii extract inhibits TH1 cytokines and promotes TH2 cytokines in vitro.Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. doi: 10.1128/CDLI.12.5.575-580.2005.
- Trivedi V L , Soni R , Dhyani P, Sati P , Tejada S, Antoni Sureda, Setzer William N.etal. (2023). Anti-cancer properties of boswellic acids: mechanism of action as anti-cancerous agent. Front. Pharmacol.,14-2023. doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1187181.
- Roy N K , Parama D , Banik K , Bordoloi D, Devi A K , Thakur K K , Padmavathi G,etal.(2019). An Update on Pharmacological Potential of Boswellic Acids against Chronic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. Aug 22;20(17):4101. doi: 10.3390/ijms20174101.
- Safayhi H , Mack T , Sabieraj J , Anazodo M I , Subramanian L R , Ammon H P.(1992). Boswellic acids: novel, specific, nonredox inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. Jun;261(3):1143-6.
- Luo p , Wang P , Xu J , H Weikun , Xu P , Xu K , Liu L.(2022). Immunomodulatory role of T helper cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Bone Joint Res. 2022 Jul 20;11(7):426–438. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.117.BJR-2021-0594.
- Zhao Z , Hua Z , Luo X , Li Y, Yu L , Li M , Lu C , Zhao T, Liu Y.(2022). Application and pharmacological mechanism of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother J.2022 Jun: 150:113074. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113074.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.