A Comparative, Cross-Sectional Study On Prevalence Of Sleep Apnea In Chronic Kidney Disease And Heart Failure Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.3319Keywords:
Sleep Apnea, Chronic Kidney Disease, Heart Failure, Apnea-Hypopnea Index, Obesity, Fluid Retention, Quality of Life, Polysomnography, Risk Factors, CPAP TherapyAbstract
Background: Sleep Apnea is often ignored in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Heart Failure (HF). The factors that cause sleep apnea in these two conditions are obesity, fluid retention, and hypertension. This study will compare the prevalence, risk factors, and effect of sleep apnea on quality of life in patients with CKD and HF.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 132 subjects, comprised of 66 CKD and 66 HF patients, in a tertiary hospital. Collected were socio-demographic characteristics, clinical data, and lifestyle data. All patients underwent overnight polysomnography for apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and sleep efficiency assessments. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed by the SF20 (Short Form-20) Health Survey. Data were analyzed using T-test and chi-square test with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results: Sleep apnea was prevalent in 69.70% of CKD and 75.76% of HF patients, with severe cases more frequent in HF (21.21%). Key risk factors included obesity, fluid retention, and male gender. Both groups experienced reduced quality of life, emphasizing the need for early detection and targeted interventions to improve outcomes.
Conclusion: In CKD and HF patients, sleep apnea is highly prevalent and severely affects the quality of life. Patients with HF showed a slightly higher degree of prevalence of sleep apnea. Routine screening and targeted interventions are necessary to prevent the occurence of sleep apnea. Long-term effects and treatment-related responses need to be researched.
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