Reviewing Evidence-Based Advancements for Critical Surgical Procedures in Neonatal Medicine

Authors

  • Sheryene Tejeda
  • Sese-Owei Ekaye
  • Jean M. Taylor

Keywords:

neonatal surgery, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal atresia, necrotizing enterocolitis, Hirschsprung disease, neonatal anesthesia

Abstract

Neonatal surgery stands among the most technically demanding disciplines in all of medicine, performed on patients whose physiological reserves are extraordinarily limited. This article examines the underlying pathophysiology, operative strategies, perioperative considerations, and long-term outcomes associated with the most critical surgical conditions encountered during the neonatal period. Conditions reviewed include congenital diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula, abdominal wall defects, necrotizing enterocolitis, Hirschsprung disease, intestinal atresia’s, and anorectal malformations. The physiological vulnerabilities unique to neonates — among them transitional cardiovascular circulation, thermoregulatory instability, immature coagulation, and distinct pharmacokinetic profiles — are examined in the context of both anesthetic and surgical decision-making. Ethical dimensions, including fetal intervention and end-of-life care, are addressed throughout.

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

1.
Tejeda S, Ekaye S-O, M. Taylor J. Reviewing Evidence-Based Advancements for Critical Surgical Procedures in Neonatal Medicine. J Neonatal Surg [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 30 [cited 2026 Jun. 30];15(1s):181-8. Available from: https://jneonatalsurg.com/index.php/jns/article/view/10421

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 1s (2026): Journal of Neonatal Surgery

Section

Original Article

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