Predictors of Mortality in Acute Poisoning Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Emergency Department
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63682/jns.v13i1.9983Keywords:
Acute poisoning, Mortality, Predictors, Emergency department, PakistanAbstract
Background: Acute poisoning is a prevalent medical emergency, a significant morbidity and mortality cause in low- and middle-income nations. High-risk patients finding themselves in a critical care facility require prompt intervention to enhance utilization of critical care resources and best patient outcomes.
Objective: To identify the independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in the patients who arrive at the tertiary care emergency department with acute poisoning.
Methods: It was a prospective observational study that was conducted at the Emergency Department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, between June 2023 and May 2024. Enrolled were the patients aged 12 years and above who have confirmed or suspected acute poisoning. Demographic statistics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory values were registered at presentation. The patients were treated until they died or discharge. The independent predictors of mortality were determined by logistic regression analysis.
Results: 312 patients were enrolled (178 (57.1) were male). The total mortality was 14.7%. When analyzing in multivariate, the independent predictors of mortality were: Glasgow Coma Scale 8 or less (AOR 5.84), delayed presentation (AOR 4.12), hypotension (AOR 3.76), metabolic acidosis (AOR 3.21), and requiring mechanical ventilation (AOR 6.48).
Conclusion: Presentation-based simple bedside and laboratory parameters can be used to anticipate mortality in acute poisoning. These predictors may help optimize future outcomes by providing timely consideration of care escalation and by allocating resources more effectively when they are identified early in an emergency department.
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