Barriers to patient safety culture: Insights from Frontline Healthcare workers

Authors

  • Vijayasree Srinivasan
  • RajaShree K.C

Keywords:

Patient safety culture, Frontline healthcare workers, Communication breakdown, Underreporting, Workload pressure, Staff shortages, Missed care, Safety training, Organizational leadership, Adverse events

Abstract

This paper examines the important roadblocks to patient safety culture using the reflections of frontline medical professionals. The main objective was to determine what is sabotaging the safety culture practice in the clinical environment. In the review of 34 peer-reviewed sources, the study examined the issues within six dimensions: communication failures, the fear of blaming, workloads, inadequate staffing, ineffective training, and employee-driven solutions. The main implications include consistent underreporting that is driven by a punitive culture, decay of skills because rare training and safety violations caused by staff overloads. It is stated that leadership involvement, reinforcement of behaviour-based safety, and training, depending on the context, should be encouraged. This study can add to the already existing body of research promoting the engagement of the front line and systemic change to ensure sustainable changes in patient safety culture.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Alabdaly, A., Hinchcliff, R., Debono, D. and Hor, S.Y., 2024. Relationship between patient safety culture and patient experience in hospital settings: a scoping review. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1), p.906.

Alsabri, M., Boudi, Z., Lauque, D., Dias, R.D., Whelan, J.S., Östlundh, L., Alinier, G., Onyeji, C., Michel, P., Liu, S.W. and Camargo, C.A.J., 2022. Impact of teamwork and communication training interventions on safety culture and patient safety in emergency departments: a systematic review. Journal of patient safety, 18(1), pp.e351-e361.

Azyabi, A., Karwowski, W. and Davahli, M.R., 2021. Assessing patient safety culture in hospital settings. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(5), p.2466.

Badida, P., Janakiraman, S. and Jayaprakash, J., 2023. Occupational health and safety risk assessment using a fuzzy multi-criteria approach in a hospital in Chennai, India. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics, 29(3), pp.1047-1056.

Cadman, E., Cunnington, P. and Hothi, D., 2022. 744 A QI cascade project addressing psychological safety in a Children’s Hospital.

Camacho-Rodríguez, D.E., Carrasquilla-Baza, D.A., Dominguez-Cancino, K.A. and Palmieri, P.A., 2022. Patient safety culture in Latin American hospitals: a systematic review with meta-analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(21), p.14380.

Chougule, A. and Jain, G.K., 2024. Radiation Hazards, Protection, and Cultivating a Radiologically Safe Environment for Nurses. Journal of Medical and Clinical Nursing Studies, 2(4), pp.1-5.

Churruca, K., Ellis, L.A., Pomare, C., Hogden, A., Bierbaum, M., Long, J.C., Olekalns, A. and Braithwaite, J., 2021. Dimensions of safety culture: a systematic review of quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods for assessing safety culture in hospitals. BMJ open, 11(7), p.e043982.

Dhinahar, B.J., Sundararaj, D., Sundararaj, T., Dhinahar, C., Arnold, J. and Shivashankara, A.K., 2024. Use of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist among Surgeons in Tamil Nadu and Its Impact in a Surgical Unit. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 16(Suppl 5), pp.S4850-S4854.

Giri, J., Poojary, A., Coto, B.S., Agarwal, A., Datta, B., Ganguly, S., Hindlekar, P., Patil, P., Vitto, J.V.A., Choi, A. and Kim, S., 2023. Preventing Risks of Infections and Medication Errors in IV therapy (PRIME): a patient safety initiative. British Journal of Nursing, 32(14), pp.S4-S12.

Granel-Giménez, N., Palmieri, P.A., Watson-Badia, C.E., Gómez-Ibáñez, R., Leyva-Moral, J.M. and Bernabeu-Tamayo, M.D., 2022. Patient safety culture in European hospitals: A comparative mixed methods study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(2), p.939.

Güven, Ö., 2021. Relationships between nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture and job stress, trust, identification, and leadership. leadership, 8(3), pp.344-354.

Hesgrove, B., Zebrak, K., Yount, N., Sorra, J. and Ginsberg, C., 2024. Associations between patient safety culture and workplace safety culture in hospital settings. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1), p.568.

Ismail, A. and Khalid, S.N.M., 2022. Patient safety culture and its determinants among healthcare professionals at a cluster hospital in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 12(8), p.e060546.

Jabarkhil, A.Q., Tabatabaee, S.S., Jamali, J. and Moghri, J., 2021. Assessment of patient safety culture among doctors, nurses, and midwives in a public hospital in Afghanistan. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, pp.1211-1217.

Kakemam, E., Gharaee, H., Rajabi, M.R., Nadernejad, M., Khakdel, Z., Raeissi, P. and Kalhor, R., 2021. Nurses’ perception of patient safety culture and its relationship with adverse events: a national questionnaire survey in Iran. BMC nursing, 20, pp.1-10.

Kalabharathi, S. and Banupriya, N., Assess the nurses perception of patient safety culture and safety control in patient safety management activities. Communications, 6(3.40), pp.0-45.

Karande, S., Marraro, G.A. and Spada, C., 2021. Minimizing medical errors to improve patient safety: An essential mission ahead. Journal of postgraduate medicine, 67(1), pp.1-3.

Krishnamoorthy, Y., Subbiah, P., Rajaa, S., Krishnan, M., Kanth, K., Samuel, G. and Sinha, I., 2023. Barriers and facilitators to implementing the national patient safety implementation framework in public health facilities in Tamil Nadu: a qualitative study. Global Health: Science and Practice, 11(6).

Kuosmanen, A., 2021. Patient safety culture in forensic psychiatric hospital care: Health care staff perceptions'.

Lal, H. and Choueiri, E.M., 2023. The integration of Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) as a company value is advocated. World Safety Journal (WSJ), 32(2), pp.49-55.

Lu, L., Ko, Y.M., Chen, H.Y., Chueh, J.W., Chen, P.Y. and Cooper, C.L., 2022. Patient safety and staff well-being: organizational culture as a resource. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), p.3722.

Mansour, H. and Sharour, L.A., 2021. Results of survey on perception of patient safety culture among emergency nurses in Jordan: influence of burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intention, and workload. Journal of Healthcare Quality Research, 36(6), pp.370-377.

Moustafa Abdallah Elpasiony, N. and Gouda Ahmed Abd-Elmoghith, N., 2023. The impact of nursing work environment and patient Safety Culture on missed nursing care at Medical and Surgical Departments. International Egyptian Journal of Nursing Sciences and Research, 3(2), pp.582-599.

Mukherjee, S. and Aileen, J., 2022. Assessing patient safety culture among healthcare providers at a tertiary care hospital: Bangalore. QAI Journal for Healthcare Quality and Patient Safety, 3(2), pp.50-54.

Noviyanti, L.W., Ahsan, A. and Sudartya, T.S., 2021. Exploring the relationship between nurses’ communication satisfaction and patient safety culture. Journal of public health research, 10(2), p.2225.

Onsurity Editorial, 2024. Private Vs Public Hospitalisation Costs in India. Available at: https://www.onsurity.com/blog/private-vs-public-hospitalization-costs-in-india/ Accessed on 24.6.2025

Patil, S.J., Ambulkar, R. and Kulkarni, A.P., 2023. Patient safety in Intensive Care Unit: what can we do better?. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine: Peer-reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 27(3), p.163.

Pichumani, A., Likaka, A., García-Elorrio, E. and Rodriguez, V.E., 2025. Patient safety in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: how can we do better?. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 37(2), p.mzaf006.

Prates, C.G., Caregnato, R.C.A., Magalhães, A.M.M.D., Dal Pai, D., Urbanetto, J.D.S. and Moura, G.M.S.S.D., 2021. Evaluation of patient safety culture in a private general hospital: a case study in Brazil. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 34(2), pp.110-121.

Prieto, M.M.N., Fonseca, R.E.P.D. and Zem-Mascarenhas, S.H., 2021. Assessment of patient safety culture in Brazilian hospitals through HSOPSC: a scoping review. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, 74, p.e20201315.

Silaen, J., Kusumapradja, R. and Mutiara, R., 2023. Leadership, Organizational Climate and Maturity Levels of Patient Safety Culture on Nurses' Work Engagement. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 6(1), pp.49-54.

Vikan, M., Haugen, A.S., Bjørnnes, A.K., Valeberg, B.T., Deilkås, E.C.T. and Danielsen, S.O., 2023. The association between patient safety culture and adverse events–a scoping review. BMC health services research, 23(1), p.300.

Warner, M.A., Arnal, D., Cole, D.J., Hammoud, R., Haylock-Loor, C., Ibarra, P., Joshi, M., Khan, F.A., Lebedinskii, K.M., Mellin-Olsen, J. and Miyasaka, K., 2022. Anesthesia patient safety: next steps to improve worldwide perioperative safety by 2030. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 135(1), pp.6-19.

Zaitoun, R.A., Said, N.B. and de Tantillo, L., 2023. Clinical nurse competence and its effect on patient safety culture: a systematic review. BMC nursing, 22(1), p.173.

Downloads

Published

2025-06-30

How to Cite

1.
Srinivasan V, K.C R. Barriers to patient safety culture: Insights from Frontline Healthcare workers. J Neonatal Surg [Internet]. 2025Jun.30 [cited 2025Jul.19];14(32S):2760-8. Available from: https://jneonatalsurg.com/index.php/jns/article/view/7823