Advances in Molecular Techniques for the Detection of Salmonella and Shigella in Seafood Safety
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63682/jns.v14i2S.7634Keywords:
Shigella, Conventional PCR, Multiplex PCR, Real-time PCR, Molecular detection, Seafood safety, SalmonellaAbstract
Seafood safety is extremely vulnerable to foodborne pathogen contamination by bacteria such as Salmonella and Shigella, which are of major public health concern. Conventional culture-based detection is time-consuming but sensitive, resulting in delayed action and potential trade-offs in food safety. To overcome the limitation of conventional methods, molecular methods such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) provide rapid and accurate alternatives. This study aims to improve seafood safety by utilizing advanced PCR-based systems for early pathogen detection. The system proposed consists of Conventional PCR, Multiplex PCR (mPCR), and Real-Time Fluorescence Thermal Cycler Methods (RFTM). The traditional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is aimed at specific genetic sequences (e.g., invA and ipaH), while multiplex PCR (mPCR) detects a range of pathogens in one test. Real-time PCR, being a form of Reverse Transcription Fluorescent Multiplexing (RFTM), produces qualitative data of greater sensitivity and fewer chances of contamination. These methods have reduced the testing time tremendously, improved the accuracy of diagnosis, and triggered extensive surveillance programs. With this molecular detection system, seafood industries can provide faster hazard management, regulatory compliance, and protection to consumers.
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