Socio-demographic Study of Patients with Endometrial Carcinoma in a Tertiary Hospital
Keywords:
Endometrial carcinoma, Sociodemographic factors, Histopathology, Risk factors, ObesityAbstract
Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynaecological malignancy in developed countries and the sixth most common cancer among women worldwide. The main risk factor is excess endogenous or exogenous estrogen. Its incidence is also rising in low- and middle-income countries, including Bangladesh. Sociodemographic, reproductive, and metabolic factors influence their development and presentation. Limited region-specific data are available to guide interventions in Bangladesh. This study evaluates the sociodemographic, clinical, reproductive, and lifestyle characteristics of patients with endometrial carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2023 to December 2024. This study included 95 histologically confirmed cases of endometrial carcinoma. Data from the medical records included patient demographics, symptoms, FIGO stage, histological type and grade, reproductive history, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors. Descriptive statistics were used for analyses. Results: The mean age was 62.1 ± 10.4 years, with 91.58% aged 50 years or above. Most patients were urban residents (75.79%), homemakers (88.42%), and had primary education or no formal education (64.21%). Abnormal uterine bleeding was the primary symptom (86.32%). Most of the patients were diagnosed with FIGO Stage I (64.21%) and endometrioid adenocarcinoma (83.16%). Grade 1 tumors were the most prevalent (45.26%). Most patients were postmenopausal (80.00%) or parous (85.26%), with 37.89% reporting hormonal contraceptive use. Obesity (43.16%), hypertension (28.42%), and diabetes (22.11%) were the common comorbidities. Conclusion: Endometrial carcinoma in this cohort affected older, urban, and postmenopausal women with low education and metabolic comorbidities. These findings underscore the need for public health strategies focusing on early detection, education, and prevention.
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