The Effect of Androgenic Agents as A Strategy and Indicator of Recovery in the Postoperative Period of Femur Fracture in Newborns and Domestic Kittens (10-40 Weeks)

Abstract

Sex steroids play an essential role in maintaining bone health throughout life, and the adverse effects of hormone deficiency are seen in both young and old male and female animals. The mechanism of these effects is not fully understood and is a subject of extensive research effort, although the potential therapeutic implications in this area are considerable. The question that arises at this stage is whether these hormones can statistically play a significant and determining role in bone formation and healing.

Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate how steroid hormones can be used as a strategy and indicator in fractures and bone healing in neutered and unneutered male animals, and even in female animals and animals that are somehow deficient in or impaired by steroid hormones. In this study, ten apparently healthy male kittens were selected from the laboratory type and sterilized using the scrotal method. Four holes with diameters of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm were implanted on the tibia from the side along the length of the bone. Then, they were divided into two groups.

Group 1: Nandrolone decanoate was injected intramuscularly at intervals of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Group 2: Cyproterone was administered to the kittens every other week until the eighth week.

Independent variables: Nandrolone decanoate and cyproterone acetate

Dependent variables: Bone tissue formation rate - Callus formation rate - Pressure tolerance

In the data collection section, radiographic evaluation was performed at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Histopathological evaluation was performed in the last week (12 weeks) of bone samples sent to the pathology laboratory and gait assessment was performed at intervals of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. For the temporal evaluation of radiographs, which had a normal distribution, analysis of variance tests were used at a significant level of 0.05. For gait, which was on a rank scale, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. Statistical calculations were performed using the SPSS statistical program. The results showed that the gait of kittens in both groups improved significantly from one to eight weeks. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the two groups at different times and between different times in each group. Except for the first week, where this difference was completely normal.

There was a significant difference in the amount of callus formed in the two groups at some times. In terms of pathology, the evaluation of the first and second groups indicated the occurrence of healing and formation of bone callus in both groups, but comparatively, the first group had a wider and more voluminous callus and the entire healing process was at a more advanced stage.