Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis: A Gap Betweenguidleines and Practices
Keywords:
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Antibiotic Resistance, Preoperative Antibiotics, Post-operative Infection PreventionAbstract
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis (SAP) plays a critical role in preventing postoperative infections, reducing hospital stays, and improving patient outcomes. This study, conducted at Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Kondapur, evaluates the adherence to SAP guidelines and the impact of prophylactic antibiotic administration on patients undergoing surgery. A prospective observational study was performed on 330 patients undergoing various surgical procedures. Data collection focused on patient demographics, surgery type, antibiotic administration timing, selection, and duration. The study found that the majority of surgeries were clean (65.75%) and clean-contaminated (29.4%), requiring appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis. The most commonly used preoperative antibiotic was Cefuroxime (31.2%), while Cefuroxime (43.6%) and Cefditoren (13%) were the predominant postoperative antibiotics. Third-generation cephalosporins were the most frequently used antibiotic class (40%), followed by second-generation cephalosporins (31.2%). Adherence to WHO guidelines was high, with 98.8% of patients receiving preoperative antibiotics within the recommended timeframe. However, minor deviations in redosing and antibiotic selection were observed.A significant correlation was found between antibiotic administration timing and infection prevention. The study highlights the need for continued adherence to global guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship to minimize resistance and improve patient safety. Future recommendations include enhanced monitoring, periodic training for healthcare providers, and optimized antibiotic selection based on hospital-specific resistance patterns. These findings emphasize the importance of evidence-based SAP protocols in reducing surgical site infections and ensuring better healthcare outcomes..
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