Alzheimer's Disease Epidemiology: Modifiable Risk Factors and Prevention
Keywords:
Neurodegeneration, Alzheimer’s, Oxidative stress, biomarkers, prognosis, diagnosisAbstract
Alzheimer's disease is a significant risk indicator that is age-based & refers to an array of human ailments & pathogenesis, solely neurodegenerative conditions. By 2050, the frequency of instances of Alzheimer's is projected to triple, making AD a significant threat to public health. This illness is signified by a gradual degradation of neurons, diminished motor or cognitive functions, & aberrant protein aggregates. AD can be treated with a variety of methods. A delayed assessment of AD, which might impact the outcomes of treatment, is a significant obstacle. AD pathology normally coincides along with further neurodegenerative and vascular diseases, specifically in the aging brain. With the goal to provide the proper treatment, assistance & tailored therapies, rapid assessment becomes crucial. When the alterations are relatively insignificant, it might be helpful to diagnose AD at an early stage (prognosis). Presently, there are an array of possible biomarkers for AD assessment & diagnosis. Early diagnosis of AD by means of biomarkers could assists researchers to achieve innovative approaches & therapies for preventing or postpone dementia. A few frequently used methods for AD screening include magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography scans, which look at the brain's structure and function. One way to identify the progression of AD is to evaluate AD-associated proteins in biological fluids such blood, urine, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid. The review discusses new biomarkers for AD. A table that outlines the differences between distinct biomarkers based on their applications, upsides, & downsides is also provided. At the moment, emphasis is placed on recent advancements in AD detection
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