Ayurveda Meets Modern Nutrition: Exploring the Pathophysiology and Management of Obesity
Keywords:
Ayurveda, Metabolic disorders, Nutritional Science, Obesity, PathophysiologyAbstract
Obesity, a chronic and multifactorial metabolic disorder, has emerged as a significant global health challenge. According to Ayurveda, it is defined as Atisthaulya, a condition characterized by Vikrita Vriddhi (abnormal increase) of Medodhatu (adipose tissue), leading to excessive body weight, diminished vitality, and imbalances in the bodily systems. Modern science correlates obesity with excessive fat accumulation, insulin resistance, hormonal dysregulation, and increased risk of comorbidities like cardiovascular disease. This review integrates Ayurvedic principles with contemporary nutritional science to explore the etiology, pathogenesis, classification, and management of obesity. Classical Ayurvedic texts highlight the role of inappropriate diet (Ahara), sedentary lifestyle (Vihara), mental state (Manasa), and genetic predisposition (Bijadoshaja) as key causative factors. The Medovaha Srotas (fat-carrying channels) become obstructed due to excessive accumulation of Ama (metabolic toxins), leading to derangement in Agni (digestive fire) and further lipid deposition. Nutritionally, improper energy intake, low physical activity, and hormonal imbalances such as leptin resistance and reduced adiponectin are pivotal in obesity development. Management strategies emphasize a tailored Ayurvedic diet rich in high-fiber, low-calorie foods, lifestyle modifications, herbal formulations, and therapies like Udvartana (dry powder massage) and Takra (buttermilk therapy). Globally, the rising trend of obesity-affecting both adults and children—underscores the urgency of integrating holistic and evidence-based approaches. This paper highlights the relevance of Ayurvedic concepts in modern obesity management and suggests that combining ancient wisdom with modern nutrition may offer effective, sustainable solutions. This review advocates for an integrative, patient-centric model that can enhance outcomes and reduce the global burden of obesity
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