Clinical Evaluation of Remineralizing Agents in Children with Hypomineralized First Permanent Molars
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.4040Keywords:
Calcium Phosphate, Children, Hypomineralized, Phosphopeptide-Amorphous, Remineralizing AgentsAbstract
Pediatric dentistry now requires clinical assessment of remineralising drugs for children with hypomineralized first permanent molars, especially because to the increased frequency of molar incisor hypomineralization. First permanent molars with low mineral content are more susceptible to caries, sensitive, and mechanically compromised, which can harm a child's dental health and quality of life. Remineralization with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), fluoride varnishes, calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP), and other calcium phosphate-based compounds can repair molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) related enamel defects without surgery. These remineralising agents will be clinically tested to improve the mineral content and structural integrity of hypomineralized first permanent molars in children. In-situ and in-vivo investigations assessed the effectiveness of remineralization therapies over time. Both fluoride-based and calcium phosphate formulations improved enamel remineralization, with CPP-ACP and CaGP showing excellent outcomes in mineral content and hypersensitivity. These medicines also reduced lesion size and severity, suggesting they might treat MIH abnormalities. However, the study stressed the need for longer follow-ups and bigger sample numbers to further understand these remineralising drugs' long-term efficacy and therapeutic application techniques. These results suggest that remineralising drugs, especially calcium phosphate-containing ones, may be a potential non-invasive therapy for hypomineralized first permanent molars.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Crombie FA, Manton DJ, Palamara JE, Zalizniak I, Cochrane NJ, Reynolds EC. Characterisation of developmentally hypomineralised human enamel. J Dent. 2013; 41(7):611-618.
Fagrell TG, Dietz W, Jälevik B, Norén JG. Chemical, mechanical and morphological properties of hypomineralized enamel of permanent first molars. Acta Odontol Scand. 2010; 68(4):215-222.
Farah RA, Monk BC, Swain MV, Drummond BK. Protein content of molar-incisor hypomineralisation enamel. J Dent. 2010; 38(7):591-596.
Farah RA, Swain MV, Drummond BK, Cook R, Atieh M. Mineral density of hypomineralised enamel. J Dent. 2010; 38(1):50-58.
Jälevik B. Enamel hypomineralization in permanent first molars. A clinical, histo-morphological and biochemical study. Swed Dent J Suppl. 2001; 149:1-86.
Americano GC, Jacobsen PE, Soviero VM, Haubek D. A systematic review on the association between molar incisor hypomineralization and dental caries. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2017;27(1):11-21.
Pitiphat W, Savisit R, Chansamak N, Subarnbhesaj A. Molar incisor hypomineralization and dental caries in six- to seven-year-old Thai children. Pediatr Dent. 2014; 36(7):478-482.
Ehlers V, Reuter AK, Kehl EB, Enax J, Meyer F, Schlecht J, Schmidtmann I, Deschner J. Efficacy of a toothpaste based on microcrystalline hydroxyapatite on children with hypersensitivity caused by MIH: A randomized controlled trial. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2021; 19:647-658.
Ghanim A, Elfrink M, Weerheijm K, Marino R, Manton D. A practical method for use in epidemiological studies on enamel hypomineralisation. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2015; 16(3):235-246.
Lussi A, Hibst R, Paulus R. DIAGNOdent: an optical method for caries detection. J Dent Res. 2004; 83(Spec No C):C80-3.
Goel A, Chawla HS, Gauba K, Goyal A. Comparison of Validity DIAGNOdent with Conventional Methods for Detection of Occlusal Caries in Primary Molars Using the Histological Gold Standard: An in Vivo Study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2009; 27(4):227-234.
Sicca C, Bobbio E, Quartuccio N, Nicolo G, Cistaro A. Prevention of Dental Caries: A Review of Effective Treatments. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016; 8(5):e604-610.
Biondi AM, Cortese SG, Babino L, Fridman DE. Comparison of Mineral Density in Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Applying Fluoride Varnishes and Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2017; 30(3):118-123.
Lapenaite E, Lopatiene K, Ragauskaite A. Prevention and treatment of white spot lesions during and after fixed orthodontic treatment: A systematic literature review. Stomatologija. 2016; 18(1):3-8.
Sidhu N, Wang Y, Barrett E, Casas M. Prevalence and presentation patterns of enamel hypomineralisation (MIH and HSPM) among paediatric hospital dental patients in Toronto, Canada: a cross-sectional study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020; 21(2):263-270.
Crombie FA, Cochrane NJ, Manton DJ, Palamara JE, Reynolds EC. Mineralisation of developmentally hypomineralised human enamel in vitro. Caries Res. 2013; 47(3):259-263.
Cochrane NJ, Saranathan S, Cai F, Cross KJ, Reynolds EC. Enamel subsurface lesion remineralization with casein phosphopeptide stabilised solutions of calcium, phosphate and fluoride. Caries Res. 2008; 42(2):88-97.
Reynolds EC, Cai F, Cochrane NJ, Shen P, Walker GD, Morgan MV, Reynolds C. Fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate. J Dent Res. 2008; 87(4):344-348.
Lago JD, Restrepo M, Bussaneli DG, Cavalheiro JP, de Souza JF, Santos-Pinto L, Cordeiro RCL, Fabiano. Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization: Prevalence Comparative Study in 6 Years of Interval. Sci World J. 2022; 2022:4743252.
Bakry AS, Abbassy MA. Increasing the efficiency of CPP-ACP to remineralize enamel white spot lesions. J Dent. 2018; 76:52-57.
Bakkal M, Abbasoglu Z, Kargul B. The Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate on Molar-Incisor Hypomineralisation: A Pilot Study. Oral Health Prev Dent, 2017; 15(2):163-7.
Lynch RJM. Calcium glycerophosphate and caries: a review of the literature. Int Dent J. 2004; 54 (5 Suppl 1):310-314.
do Amaral JG, Sassaki KT, Martinhon CCR, Delbem ACB. Effect of low-fluoride dentifrices supplemented with calcium glycerophosphate on enamel demineralization in situ. Am J Dent. 2013; 26(2):75-80.
Freire IR, Pessan JP, Amaral JG, Martinhon CC, Cunha RF, Delbem AC. Anticaries effect of low-fluoride dentifrices with phosphates in children: A randomized, controlled trial. J Dent. 2016; 50:37-42.
Grenby TH, Bull JM. Use of high-performance liquid chromatography techniques to study the protection of hydroxylapatite by fluoride and glycerophosphate against demineralization in vitro. Caries Res. 1980; 14(4):221-32
Ozgül BM, Saat S, Sönmez H, Oz FT. Clinical evaluation of desensitizing treatment for incisor teeth affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2013; 38(2):101-5.
Sicca C, Bobbio E, Quartuccio N, Nicolo G, Cistaro A. Prevention of Dental Caries: A Review of Effective Treatments. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016; 8(5): 604-10.
Zaze ACSF, Dias AP, Sassaki KT, Delbem ACB. The effects of low-fluoride toothpaste supplemented with calcium glycerophosphate on enamel demineralization. Clin Oral Inv. 2014; 18: 1619-24.
Rezende KM, Zuim JP, Carvalho TS, Côrrea MS, Bönecker M. Can babies oral wipes with fluoride and/or calcium glycerophosphate prevent cariogenic demineralization? An in-vitro study. Minerva Stomatol. 2017; 66(5):226-3.
Beerens MW, van der Veen MH, van Beek H, ten Cate JM. Effects of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate paste on White spot lesions and dental plaque after orthodontic treatment: a 3 month follow-up. Eur J Oral Sci. 2010; 118(6): 610-7.
Ghanim A, Elfrink M, Weerheijm K, Marino R, Manton D. A practical method for use in epidemiological studies on enamel hypomineralisation. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2015; 16(3):235-46.
Pasini M, Giuca MR, Scatena M, Gatto R, Caruso S. Molar incisor hypomineralization treatment with casein phosphopeptide and amorphous calcium phosphate in children. Minerva Stomatol. 2018; 67(1):20-25.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
