Incidence Of Tuberculosis Among Individuals Aged 15-64 In Urban Area

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health challenge, with millions of new cases and deaths reported annually. This study aims to examine the prevalence and major causes of tuberculosis, focusing on the socio-economic, environmental, and biological factors that contribute to its spread. A systematic review of recent epidemiological data from high and low-burden countries was conducted, highlighting the role of factors such as HIV co-infection, malnutrition, overcrowding, and inadequate healthcare infrastructure in facilitating TB transmission. Additionally, the study explores the impact of drug-resistant strains, particularly multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), and the barriers to timely diagnosis and treatment. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing targeted strategies to control and ultimately eradicate tuberculosis. The findings underscore the need for enhanced public health interventions, improved diagnostic tools, and better access to healthcare, particularly in high-risk communities. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of a multi-faceted approach to address the complex causes of TB and reduce its global burden.