Exploring Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and future prospectives of Santalum album
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.1801Keywords:
Santalum album, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry, Biological activity, Traditional uses.Abstract
One of the rarest and most precious natural smell sources, Indian sandalwood, or Santalum album L. (Santalaceae), has substantial industrial and medicinal use. For the past 250 years. S album is a popular option all over the world since it is cultivated in India and its fragrant oil is well-known for both its medicinal qualities and sweetness.Many ancient medicinal systems have employed sandalwood and the essential oil derived from sandal heartwood to cure and prevent a wide range of ailments, including Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha medicine.Due to its abundance of phytochemicals, especially sesquiterpenes, Sandalwood has a wide range of medicinal and medical uses. A comprehensive bibliographic analysis was conducted by examining internationally known books, index- and non-indexed journals, and widely used scientific databases [Pub Med, Sci-Hub,SciFinder, Scopus, ACS, and Web of Science]. Numerous pharmacological properties, from antibacterial to anticancer, have been shown in contemporary pharmacological investigations. Sandalwood oil and its components have not shown any appreciable toxicity; however, more Study on the chemical components and how they exhibit specific biological activities is required to fully comprehend the phytochemical composition and the intricate pharmacological impact of this plant. The poor productivity of this endangered plant and its rising commercial exploitation have sparked concerns about how to conserve it and increase its output using contemporary equipment and methods. The review covers the traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, distillation, and biological activities of Sandalwood to reveal its value for industry and medicine as well as any Study gaps that need to be filled.
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Mansour AT, Arisha AH, Abdelaziz R, Alwutayd KM, Van Doan H, El-Murr AE, et al. Effects of extended dietary supplementation with Santalum album essential oil on hemato-biochemical changes, innate immune response, antioxidant status, and expression of related gene in Nile tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus]. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Jun 1;50 [3]:955–71.
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Giri VP, Pandey S, Shukla P, Gupta SC, Srivastava M, Rao CV, et al. Facile Fabrication of Sandalwood Oil-Based Nanoemulsion to Intensify the Fatty Acid Composition in Burned and Rough Skin. ACS Omega. 2024 Feb 13;9 [6]:6305–15.
Burdock GA, Carabin IG. Safety assessment of Sandalwood oil [Santalum album L.]. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2008 Feb;46 [2]:421–32.
Celedon JM, Chiang A, Yuen MMS, Diaz‐Chavez ML, Madilao LL, Finnegan PM, et al. Heartwood‐specific transcriptome and metabolite signatures of tropical Sandalwood [Santalum album] reveal the final step of [Z]‐santalol fragrance biosynthesis. The Plant Journal. 2016 May 15;86 [4]:289–99.
Sharma M, Levenson C, Browning JC, Becker EM, Clements I, Castella P, et al. East Indian Sandalwood Oil Is a Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor: A New Therapeutic Option in the Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Disease. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Mar 9;9.
Misra BB, Dey S. Comparative phytochemical analysis and antibacterial efficacy of in vitro and in vivo extracts from East Indian Sandalwood tree [Santalum album L.]. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2012 Dec;55 [6]:476–86.
Mugula BB, Kiboi SK, Kanya JI, Egeru A, Okullo P, Curto M, et al. Knowledge Gaps in Taxonomy, Ecology, Population Distribution Drivers and Genetic Diversity of African Sandalwood [Osyris lanceolata Hochst. & Steud.]: A Scoping Review for Conservation. Plants. 2021 Aug 26;10 [9]:1780.
Balkrishna A, Verma S, Sakat S, Joshi K, Solleti SK, Bhattacharya K, et al. Comprehensive Phytochemical Profiling of Polyherbal Divya-Kayakalp-Vati and Divya-Kayakalp-Oil and Their Combined Efficacy in Mouse Model of Atopic Dermatitis-Like Inflammation Through Regulation of Cytokines. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022 Feb;Volume 15:293–312.
Zhang T, Chen X, Xiong Y, Niu M, Zhang Y, Yan H, et al. Identification and Functional Analysis of SabHLHs in Santalum album L. Life. 2022 Jul 8;12 [7]:1017.
Mansour AT, Arisha AH, Abdelaziz R, Alwutayd KM, Van Doan H, El-Murr AE, et al. Effects of extended dietary supplementation with Santalum album essential oil on hemato-biochemical changes, innate immune response, antioxidant status, and expression of related gene in Nile tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus]. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Jun 1;50 [3]:955–71.
Burdock GA, Carabin IG. Safety assessment of Sandalwood oil [Santalum album L.]. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2008 Feb;46 [2]:421–32.
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