Geographic Distribution And Pathotype Diversity Of Escherichia Coli Isolates In India: Insights From Serotyping And Virulence Gene Analysis
Keywords:
Escherichia coli, diarrheal disease, serogroup, pathotype, ETEC, EPEC, EAEC, EHEC, India, molecular surveillance..Abstract
Escherichia coli continues to be a major cause of diarrheal illness, especially in low- and middle-income nations with inadequate surveillance. The purpose of this study was to describe the diversity of pathotypes and serogroups of E. coli isolates found in diarrheal cases in different parts of India. 634 (71.8%) of the 883 isolates that were gathered were identified as E. coli using accepted morphological and biochemical standards. Out of 540 isolates, 35 different O-serogroups were found by serotyping; the most common “O-serogroups were O8, O11, O22, and O88. Furthermore, 14.8% of isolates could not be typed. Enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), enteroaggregative (EAEC), and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC)” groups were obtained via pathotyping, which showed that 275 isolates (43.4%) carried one or more virulence genes. The most prevalent groups were ETEC and EPEC. There was no discernible relationship between pathotype and serogroup. The results show that E. coli strains have a significant genetic and antigenic diversity, highlighting the necessity of ongoing molecular surveillance to identify new pathotypes and enhance public health response tactics
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