Formulation and Evaluation of Terminalia chebula Fruit Cream for Wound Healing Activity
Keywords:
Terminalia chebula; wound healing; fruit cream; herbal formulation; wound contraction; topical preparation; Sprague Dawley rat; SoframycinAbstract
Background: Wound repair is a coordinated biological process involving hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, epithelialization, collagen deposition, angiogenesis and tissue remodeling. Plant-based preparations are widely used in traditional medicine for cuts, ulcers and burns, but many such claims require controlled pharmacological validation. Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae), commonly known as Haritaki, is rich in tannins, chebulinic acid, chebulagic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, flavonoids and other bioactive constituents reported to possess antioxidant, antimicrobial and tissue protective effects. Objective: The present research article describes the formulation and evaluation of Terminalia chebula fruit cream for wound healing activity using an experimental rat wound model.
Methods: Fruits of Terminalia chebula were collected, authenticated and processed for extract preparation. Water-in-oil creams containing Terminalia chebula fruit extract at 20%, 40% and 80% strength were prepared and evaluated for physical stability, pH, appearance and application suitability. Female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups containing six animals each. The control group received cream base, three treatment groups received 20%, 40% or 80% Terminalia chebula fruit cream, and the positive control group received Soframycin cream. A full-thickness circular wound was created under local anesthesia and aseptic precautions. Test creams were applied topically, and wound diameter and percentage wound contraction were recorded. Acute dermal irritation was assessed in New Zealand White rabbits for the most effective formulation.
Results: On day 3, wound contraction was 1.333 ± 0.683% in the control group and increased to 13.917 ± 0.736%, 23.583 ± 0.376% and 29.083 ± 0.642% in the 20%, 40% and 80% Terminaliachebula cream groups, respectively. On day 21, the 80% cream showed 98.083 ± 0.376% wound contraction, which was close to the positive control value of 98.750 ± 0.524%. Conclusion: The findings suggest that 80% Terminalia chebula fruit cream produced marked wound contraction in rats and was non-irritant in rabbits. The formulation may serve as a promising topical herbal wound healing preparation after further standardization and clinical evaluation...
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