Investigation of Cardiospermum Halicacabum on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Collagen mRNA expression in osteoblastic cells
Keywords:
Cardiospermum halicacabum, ALP, Osteoblast like cellsAbstract
Introduction: Cardiospermum halicacabum (C. halicacabum), a member of the Sapindaceae family, is a medicinal herb widely distributed in India, Africa, and South America. It has been extensively used in traditional medicine due to its diverse pharmacological properties, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. However, its potential role in bone metabolism and osteoblast function remains largely unexplored. Materials and Methods: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of C. halicacabum on osteoblast differentiation by assessing the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an early marker of osteogenesis. Human osteoblast-like SaOs-2 cells were treated with different concentrations (2.0 µg/mL and 20 µg/mL) of ethanolic leaf extract. The mRNA expression levels of ALP were analyzed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Treatment with ethanolic extract of C. halicacabum resulted in a significant upregulation of ALP mRNA expression in SaOs-2 osteoblast-like cells compared to untreated controls. The effect was observed at both tested concentrations, indicating a dose-responsive osteogenic potential. Discussion: The increased expression of ALP suggests that C. halicacabum may enhance osteoblastic activity and promote early-stage bone formation. These findings align with the known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of the plant, which may contribute to improved cellular differentiation and bone metabolism. The study provides preliminary molecular evidence supporting the osteogenic potential of this traditional medicinal herb. Conclusion:
This study demonstrates, for the first time, that ethanolic extract of Cardiospermum halicacabum significantly enhances ALP mRNA expression in osteoblast-like cells. These findings suggest its potential application as a natural therapeutic agent in bone regeneration and the management of bone-related disorders. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to validate its clinical utility..
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