zkeh.k Hkkjr esa efgykvksa dh ikfjokfjd fu.k Z; {kerk % lkekftd] lk aLd`frd vkSj vkfFk Zd çHkkoksa dk fo'ys"k.k
Keywords:
efgyk l'kfädj.k] ikfjokfjd fu.kZ;] xzkeh.k efgyk,¡] lkaLd `frd çHkko] lkekftd dkjd] f'k{kk] ljdkjh uhfr;k¡] fy ax Hkwfedk,¡] Hkkjr] gfj;k.kkAAbstract
;g 'kks/k gfj;k.kk ds xzkeh.k bykdks a e sa efgykvk sa dh ikfjokfjd
fu.kZ;ksa esa Hkkxhnkjh vkSj muds fu.kZ;&fuek Z.k dh {kerk dk fo'ys"k.k djrk
gSA blesa ;g ns[kk x;k fd efgykvksa dh fu.kZ;&fuekZ.k {kerk ij
lkekftd] lk aL—frd vkSj vkfFk Zd dkjdksa dk egRoiw.k Z çHkko iM +rk gSA
'kks/k esa ;g ik;k x;k fd ikjaifjd fy ax Hkwfedk, ¡] lkekftd&lkaL—frd
ekU;rk,¡ vkSj 'kSf{kd Lrj efgykvksa dh Hk wfedk dks vkdkj nsrs gS aA blds
vykok] ljdkjh uhfr;k¡ vkSj dkuwuh lq/kkj Hkh efgykvks a dh fLFkfr vkSj
muds lkekftd&vkfFk Zd vkSj jktuhfrd Hkkxhnkjh ij çHkko Mkyrs gS aA bl
v/;;u ds nkSjku ;g Li"V g qvk fd foÙkh; fu.kZ;ksa] cPpks a dh f'k{kk]
LokLF; [kpksaZ vkSj ?kjsy w [kjhnnkjh tSls {ks=ksa esa efgykvks a dh Hkkxhnkjh e sa
o`f) g qbZ gS] gkykafd laifÙk ;k Hk wfe LokfeRo ds fu.kZ;ks a es a mudh Hkwfedk
vHkh Hkh lhfer gSA ;g 'kks/k efgyk l'kfädj.k ds fy, fodkl ;kstukvk sa
vkSj lkekftd&lkaL—frd ifjorZu dh vko';drk dks mtkxj djrk gSA
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References
tsax] ts-] vkSj 'kw] okbZ- ¼2024½- 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k phu e sa QSfeyh
lkekftd&vkfFk Zd LVsVl vkSj Vhu,tlZ dk fMçs'ku% ,d VªStsDVjh
,ukfyfll- ,l,l,e &i‚iqys'ku gsYFk] 25] 101627-
Vslxsjk] MCY;w- Mh-] cs;su] ,- ch-] vkSj okdthjk] Vh- ds- ¼2024½- D;k
if'peh bfFk;ksfi;k e sa xSj&[ksrh dk dke x zkeh.k ifjokjk sa dh [kir
c<+krk gS gksjks xqM q % ok sysxk tksu ls ,afifjdy lc wrA gsfy;‚u]
10¼7½-
uqjSuh] lh-] feykuh] ,Q-] uksokfyaMk] ,u-] vkSj vafM;u] ,- ¼2024½- lksfjd
ekjkih lc&fMfLVªDV d s gkmflax ,fj;k e sa eaMsfyax uVky dE;qfuVh
dh fo'ks"krk,a vkSj yS afxd baVjsD'ku iSVuZ % flckaxksj tqyw xk ao dh ,d
dsl LVMhA tuZy v‚Q baVjus'kuy Økbfll ,aM fjLd dE; qfuds'ku
fjlp Z] 7¼2½] 186-
uks,LVj] lh-] vkSj C;k sdZ] lh- ¼2025½- ;w,l ;wFk LiksVZ~l ikfV Zflis'ku%
tsuj s'ku] yS afxd] j sl/,FkfuflVh] lkekftd&vkfFkZd LVsVl] vkSj
QSfeyh vkSj dE;qfuVh LiksVZ dYpj ds çHkko dk ,ukfyfllA
yhtj/yk sbflj] 49¼4½] 797&843-
fi,uk] lh- d s-] eksys] ,e- ,u-] vkSj yqfxukg] vkbZ- ¼2025½- lseh&,fjM
mÙkjh ?kkuk esa cPpksa dh MkbV esa fofo/krk ykus ds fy, cPpksa dh
U;wfVª'ku dkm alfyax] yS afxd Mk;ukfeDl vkSj ?kj d s vanj [kkus ds
QSlys ysus dh HkwfedkA ,isVkbV] 204] 107755-
Qw] ,y-] e sbZ] ch-] ow] okbZ-] fy;w] th-] vkSj ek] tsM- ¼2025½- ,f'k;k e sa
xzkeh.k fnO;k ax cPpksa vkSj mud s ifjokjks a dh u‚u&esfMdy #dkoV sa
vkSj t:jr sa: ,d Ldksfiax fjO;wA pkbYM ,aM QSfeyh lkekftd od Z]
30¼2½] 91&108-
;kax] ,p-] gku] vkj-] vkSj okax] tsM- ¼2023½- phu esa 20&34 lky dh
efgykvksa esa rhljs cPps dh QfVZfyVh dk bjknk vkSj bld s
lkekftd&vkfFk Zd QSDVj- ch,elh lkoZtfud gsYFk] 23¼1½] 821-
;kj] ,Q- th- ,e-] vkSj tkft;k] ts- th- ¼2024½- vQxkfuLrku esa xzkeh.k
fodkl dh #dkoVs a vkSj p qukSfr;k % leL;kvksa vkSj lek/kkuksa dh
tk¡pA tuZy yksdl isu sfyfVvu Mku isaxkcfM;u] 3¼9½] 787&796-
;kj] ,Q- th- ,e-] vkSj ;klkSjh] ,e- ¼2024½- xzkeh.k fodkl dh p qukSfr;k¡
vkSj #dkoVk sa dks nwj djus d s çHkkonkj mik;A >k saxxqvks d qvkax;s
nDL;w t q,ckvks] 29¼3½] 79&90-
jgeku] ,e- vkbZ-] vkye] ts-] [kkukse] ds-] vkSj benkn] ,Q- ch- ¼2025½-
ckaXykns'k es a efgyk ifjokj ds;jfxolZ ds chp baVjusV&vk/kkfjr lsok
viukus dks çHkkfor djus okys lkekftd fu/kkZjd % ,d
lkekftd&tulkaf[;dh; vkSj rduhdh fo'ys"k.kA LokLF; foKku
fjik sVZ ~l] 8¼4½] bZ 70665A
jke] ,e-] futkekuh] ch-] vkSj eqgEen] ,- ,Q- ¼2025½- ikfdLrku vkSj
fQyhihal esa xkao ls 'kgj dh vksj ekbx zs'ku vkSj efgykvksa d s
lkekftd&vkfFk Zd l{kerkdj.k dk lanHkZ; ,d O;ofLFkr lkfgR;
leh{kkA vll ok raf/ke % tu Zy gqdqe] isafMfMdu MSu lkekftd
dsxkeku] 4¼1½] 1&14A
jkey s] ,u- ,y- ch-] vkSj efn Zdkfuaxflg] vkj- ¼2024½- xzkeh.k efgykvksa dk s
l'kä cukuk: ifjokj dh vkfFk Zd HkykbZ ds fy, f'k{kk vkSj m|ferk
esa vkus okyh #dkoVksa dks nwj djukA varjk Z"Vªh; tu Zy v‚Q lsok
foKku] çc a/ku] bathfu;fjax] vkSj çkS|ksfxdh] 5¼1½] 27&30A
okMsb Z] ch-] ÝsMqvk ,aVksg] b Z-] ,fMlu] ,e-] vkSj ; scksvk] Vh- ¼2025½- xzkeh.k
vkSj 'kgjh ?kkuk e sa yS afxd lekurk çfØ;k e sa vkus okyh #dkoVks a dk
,d voyksdu % ,d rqyukRed fo'y s"k.kA ,f'k;kb Z vkSj vÝhdh
v/;;u tu Zy] 60¼6½] 3654&3669A
oknsbZ] ch-] oknsbZ] ds- ,-] vkSj cksuq,Mh] vkbZ- ¼2025½- efgykvksa ds dke vkSj
?kjsy w {kerk ds Mk;usfeDl ds chp laca/kksa dh fQj ls tkap % xzkeh.k
vkSj 'kgjh ?kkuk ls feyh tkudkjhA ekuo Hkwxk sy]
19427786251333094A
'kqDyk] ih-] d qekjh] ,-] yky] ,l- ih-] vkSj lqf"erk] d s- ¼2025½- [ksrh&ckM +h
ds fofHkUu dk;ksa Z esa [ksfrgj efgykvksa ds chp QSlys ysu s ds çsjd %
vfxze&pj.k y‚ftfLVd fjxzs'ku e‚My rduhdA Hkkjrh; 'kk s/k if=dk
foLrkj f'k{kk] 25] 18&23A
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