Nidana Panchaka Of Tamaka Shwasa W.S.R. To Bronchial Asthma And The Role Of Diet And Yogic Practices In Its Management: A Review

Abstract

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disorder characterized by airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. In Ayurveda, bronchial asthma is closely correlated with Tamaka Shwasa, a type of Shwasa Roga described in classical Ayurvedic texts. Tamaka Shwasa mainly occurs due to vitiation of Vata and Kapha doshas, which results in obstruction of Pranavaha Srotas (respiratory channels) and leads to breathing difficulty. The Ayurvedic diagnostic framework known as Nidana Panchaka—including Hetu (causative factors), Purvarupa (prodromal symptoms), Rupa (clinical manifestations), Upashaya (relieving factors), and Samprapti (pathogenesis)—provides a systematic understanding of disease development. Modern treatment of bronchial asthma mainly focuses on pharmacological therapy; however, lifestyle modifications including dietary regulation and yogic practices have shown promising benefits in improving respiratory health. Ayurvedic dietary guidelines help prevent Kapha aggravation and maintain digestive balance, while yogic breathing techniques improve lung function and respiratory efficiency. The present review aims to analyze the Nidana Panchaka of Tamaka Shwasa with reference to bronchial asthma and highlight the role of diet and yoga in its management. Integrating Ayurvedic lifestyle principles with conventional therapy may provide a holistic and sustainable approach to the management of bronchial asthma